Vídeos para aprender inglês

Selecione uma linha para ouvi-la novamente. Toque em qualquer palavra para ver o que ela significa. As palavras sublinhadas são as palavras-chave deste vídeo.

1. 0:00
   Bella (tutor) Welcome to MicroEnglish! Tonight, we're making dinner, but
2. 0:03
   Bella (tutor) there's no ready-made sauce. We've got tomatoes, garlic
3. 0:07
   Bella (tutor) and a pan. In this B2 lesson, you'll learn how
4. 0:10
   Bella (tutor) from scratch describes that starting point, then use it for
5. 0:14
   Bella (tutor) projects and learning too.
6. 0:16
   Bella (tutor) You chop the tomatoes, soften the garlic and cook everything
7. 0:20
   Bella (tutor) together. You're making the sauce from scratch: starting
8. 0:24
   Bella (tutor) with basic ingredients instead of a prepared sauce. Notice
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   Bella (tutor) what the phrase describes. It's the starting point and process,
10. 0:32
    Bella (tutor) rather than how delicious the finished sauce will be.
11. 0:36
    Bella (tutor) The phrase often follows a verb and its object:
12. 0:39
    Bella (tutor) make a sauce from scratch, or build a website from scratch.
13. 0:43
    Bella (tutor) With start, you don't need an object. The verb changes
14. 0:47
    Bella (tutor) for time, but from scratch stays the same. We
15. 0:51
    Bella (tutor) made it yesterday; we'll make it tomorrow.
16. 0:53
    Bella (tutor) Keep that idea as we move beyond food. A team can
17. 0:57
    Bella (tutor) create a training course from scratch, without adapting an
18. 1:00
    Bella (tutor) existing course. Someone can learn Korean from scratch,
19. 1:04
    Bella (tutor) beginning with no knowledge of Korean. These aren't separate
20. 1:08
    Bella (tutor) meanings. In each case, the person begins with the basics.
21. 1:12
    Bella (tutor) Say it as a connected phrase: we made it from scratch.
22. 1:16
    Bella (tutor) Scratch usually carries more stress than from. Let
23. 1:20
    Bella (tutor) its final sound finish clearly, without adding another syllable.
24. 1:24
    Bella (tutor) Practise the whole sentence once, then replace made
25. 1:27
    Bella (tutor) with built. Both verbs work naturally with this expression.
26. 1:32
    Bella (tutor) Compare changing last year's course with creating a new one
27. 1:35
    Bella (tutor) from scratch. The first uses an existing version as its base.
28. 1:39
    Bella (tutor) The second begins without that base. Starting from scratch
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    Bella (tutor) may take longer, but the phrase doesn't automatically mean
30. 1:46
    Bella (tutor) the result is better, harder or more original.
31. 1:50
    Bella (tutor) A designer making a game from scratch can still use scissors,
32. 1:54
    Bella (tutor) software and professional experience. The expression
33. 1:58
    Bella (tutor) doesn't mean working without help or tools. Similarly,
34. 2:02
    Bella (tutor) cooking from scratch doesn't require growing your own tomatoes.
35. 2:05
    Bella (tutor) What counts as the basic starting point depends on the activity.
36. 2:10
    Bella (tutor) Sometimes an earlier attempt fails. The design failed,
37. 2:14
    Bella (tutor) so we started from scratch. Here, we began again
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    Bella (tutor) without using that design as our base. But failure isn't
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    Bella (tutor) required. You can choose to build something from scratch on
40. 2:24
    Bella (tutor) your very first attempt.
41. 2:26
    Bella (tutor) A common mistake is adding an article: from a scratch.
42. 2:30
    Bella (tutor) In this expression, use from scratch, without
43. 2:34
    Bella (tutor) a or the. It fits everyday conversation and many
44. 2:38
    Bella (tutor) workplace situations. For a very formal document,
45. 2:42
    Bella (tutor) you might specify exactly what you mean, such as without
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    Bella (tutor) using an existing template.
47. 2:48
    Bella (tutor) Now listen to four short conversations, two British
48. 2:51
    Bella (tutor) and two American. Focus on what each person uses as
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    Bella (tutor) their starting point. Choose an answer before the explanation.
50. 2:59
    Bella (tutor) On the second listen, check the words that support your choice.
51. 3:03
    Bella (tutor) George arrives while Alice is preparing lunch. What
52. 3:07
    Bella (tutor) has she done herself?
53. 3:09
    George Shall I warm up those flatbreads?
54. 3:11
    George Yes, please. I made them from scratch
55. 3:14
    Alice with flour and yoghurt.
56. 3:16
    Alice That explains the flour on your sleeve!
57. 3:25
    Bella (tutor) Alice made the dough herself. Flour and yoghurt are her starting
58. 3:29
    Bella (tutor) ingredients, and she says she made the flatbreads from scratch.
59. 3:33
    George Shall I warm up those flatbreads?
60. 3:34
    George Yes, please. I made them from scratch
61. 3:38
    Alice with flour and yoghurt.
62. 3:39
    Alice That explains the flour on your sleeve!
63. 3:43
    Bella (tutor) Roger checks on a shared task. Listen for the reason
64. 3:47
    Bella (tutor) behind Jessica's schedule.
65. 3:50
    Roger Can you just update the old budget sheet?
66. 3:53
    Roger It doesn't fit this project. I'm building one from scratch,
67. 3:57
    Jessica so I need until Friday.
68. 3:58
    Jessica Okay, I'll plan around that.
69. 4:07
    Bella (tutor) She's creating a new sheet from scratch. Her reply rejects
70. 4:11
    Bella (tutor) Roger's suggestion of simply updating the old one.
71. 4:15
    Roger Can you just update the old budget sheet?
72. 4:18
    Roger It doesn't fit this project. I'm building one from scratch,
73. 4:22
    Jessica so I need until Friday.
74. 4:23
    Jessica Okay, I'll plan around that.
75. 4:27
    Bella (tutor) Alice and George discuss evening classes. Which course
76. 4:31
    Bella (tutor) level would suit George?
77. 4:33
    Alice Are you joining the intermediate Italian class?
78. 4:37
    Alice No, I'm learning from scratch. I don't even
79. 4:40
    George know the greetings yet.
80. 4:41
    George Then the Tuesday beginners' group sounds right.
81. 4:51
    Bella (tutor) A beginner's course would suit him. Learning from scratch is
82. 4:54
    Bella (tutor) supported by his admission that he doesn't even know the greetings.
83. 4:58
    Alice Are you joining the intermediate Italian class?
84. 5:02
    Alice No, I'm learning from scratch. I don't even
85. 5:05
    George know the greetings yet.
86. 5:06
    George Then the Tuesday beginners' group sounds right.
87. 5:11
    Bella (tutor) An invitation file has disappeared. Listen for
88. 5:14
    Bella (tutor) what Roger's next step involves.
89. 5:17
    Jessica Did you find a saved copy of the invitation?
90. 5:20
    Jessica No. I'll have to start from scratch tonight.
91. 5:24
    Roger I'll send you the photos again.
92. 5:32
    Bella (tutor) Roger must create it again. There's no saved copy,
93. 5:35
    Bella (tutor) so starting from scratch means rebuilding the invitation.
94. 5:39
    Jessica Did you find a saved copy of the invitation?
95. 5:42
    Jessica No. I'll have to start from scratch tonight.
96. 5:45
    Roger I'll send you the photos again.
97. 5:48
    Bella (tutor) Your turn. Say, I'd like to make a soup from scratch.
98. 5:52
    Bella (tutor) Now replace a soup with something you'd like to create. You
99. 5:56
    Bella (tutor) could also change make to build or design. Say your
100. 5:59
     Bella (tutor) complete sentence aloud.
101. 6:08
     Bella (tutor) Check three possible misunderstandings. From scratch
102. 6:11
     Bella (tutor) doesn't mean alone, and it doesn't require a failed attempt.
103. 6:15
     Bella (tutor) It also makes no promise about quality. A cake made
104. 6:19
     Bella (tutor) from scratch can still burn! The useful information is
105. 6:22
     Bella (tutor) how the work begins.
106. 6:24
     Bella (tutor) You can use it with colleagues when discussing how something
107. 6:27
     Bella (tutor) was created. Keep the expression fixed, without
108. 6:30
     Bella (tutor) the. And remember the difference from starting over: starting
109. 6:34
     Bella (tutor) over emphasises doing something again. From scratch
110. 6:38
     Bella (tutor) emphasises beginning with the basics, without an existing version
111. 6:42
     Bella (tutor) or prepared base.
112. 6:44
     Bella (tutor) Visit microenglish dot com, slash idioms,
113. 6:48
     Bella (tutor) slash from-scratch, for interactive dictation. Type
114. 6:52
     Bella (tutor) what you hear and check your answers. You can also ask the
115. 6:56
     Bella (tutor) AI tutor about your own examples. The first dictation is free;
116. 7:00
     Bella (tutor) further practice and tutor access depend on membership and
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     Bella (tutor) available credits.
118. 7:05
     Bella (tutor) In the comments, name something you'd like to make or learn
119. 7:08
     Bella (tutor) from scratch. Add what you'd begin with: ingredients,
120. 7:12
     Bella (tutor) materials or basic skills. For example, I'd
121. 7:16
     Bella (tutor) like to design a card game from scratch. Ask any questions
122. 7:19
     Bella (tutor) you still have, and thanks for joining me.

Escolha uma resposta para cada pergunta. Depois, abra o gabarito para conferir.

1. Pergunta 1

   Which situation is the best example of doing something from scratch?

   A Reheating a packaged meal in a microwave oven for three minutes B Baking bread by measuring your own flour, yeast, salt, and water C Adding fresh cheese to a frozen pizza before putting it in the oven
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2. Pergunta 2

   Which sentence shows the correct word order when using an action verb with a direct object?

   A She created from scratch a lovely pottery vase. B She created from a scratch lovely pottery vase. C She created a lovely pottery vase from scratch.
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3. Pergunta 3

   How does 'from scratch' function in ordinary workplace communication?

   A As a neutral, factual description of how a project or document was produced B As an aggressive complaint about unfair working conditions C As an exaggerated formal boast that guarantees a promotion
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4. Pergunta 4

   Which pronunciation pattern is typical when native speakers say 'from scratch' in connected speech?

   A 'From' receives maximum stress while 'scratch' is whispered. B 'From' usually has a weak unstressed vowel, while 'scratch' carries primary stress. C Speakers always insert an extra vowel between 's' and 'k' in 'scratch'.
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5. Pergunta 5

   In the dialogue between the two friends, what have the speakers decided to make themselves?

   A The pizza dough bases B The shopping bags C The grocery store shelves
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6. Pergunta 6

   What is the difference between starting again and starting again from scratch?

   A Starting again costs more money than starting from scratch. B Starting again can reuse earlier parts, while starting from scratch discards all previous work. C Starting again requires special tools, but starting from scratch never uses tools.
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