वीडियो देखकर अंग्रेज़ी सीखें

कोई पंक्ति दोबारा सुनने के लिए उसे चुनें। किसी भी शब्द पर टैप करके उसका मतलब देखें। जिन शब्दों के नीचे रेखा है, वे इस वीडियो के मुख्य शब्द हैं।

1. 0:00
   Bella (tutor) Welcome to MicroEnglish! Tonight, we're making dinner, but
2. 0:03
   Bella (tutor) there's no ready-made sauce. We've got tomatoes, garlic
3. 0:07
   Bella (tutor) and a pan. In this B2 lesson, you'll learn how
4. 0:10
   Bella (tutor) from scratch describes that starting point, then use it for
5. 0:14
   Bella (tutor) projects and learning too.
6. 0:16
   Bella (tutor) You chop the tomatoes, soften the garlic and cook everything
7. 0:20
   Bella (tutor) together. You're making the sauce from scratch: starting
8. 0:24
   Bella (tutor) with basic ingredients instead of a prepared sauce. Notice
9. 0:28
   Bella (tutor) what the phrase describes. It's the starting point and process,
10. 0:32
    Bella (tutor) rather than how delicious the finished sauce will be.
11. 0:36
    Bella (tutor) The phrase often follows a verb and its object:
12. 0:39
    Bella (tutor) make a sauce from scratch, or build a website from scratch.
13. 0:43
    Bella (tutor) With start, you don't need an object. The verb changes
14. 0:47
    Bella (tutor) for time, but from scratch stays the same. We
15. 0:51
    Bella (tutor) made it yesterday; we'll make it tomorrow.
16. 0:53
    Bella (tutor) Keep that idea as we move beyond food. A team can
17. 0:57
    Bella (tutor) create a training course from scratch, without adapting an
18. 1:00
    Bella (tutor) existing course. Someone can learn Korean from scratch,
19. 1:04
    Bella (tutor) beginning with no knowledge of Korean. These aren't separate
20. 1:08
    Bella (tutor) meanings. In each case, the person begins with the basics.
21. 1:12
    Bella (tutor) Say it as a connected phrase: we made it from scratch.
22. 1:16
    Bella (tutor) Scratch usually carries more stress than from. Let
23. 1:20
    Bella (tutor) its final sound finish clearly, without adding another syllable.
24. 1:24
    Bella (tutor) Practise the whole sentence once, then replace made
25. 1:27
    Bella (tutor) with built. Both verbs work naturally with this expression.
26. 1:32
    Bella (tutor) Compare changing last year's course with creating a new one
27. 1:35
    Bella (tutor) from scratch. The first uses an existing version as its base.
28. 1:39
    Bella (tutor) The second begins without that base. Starting from scratch
29. 1:43
    Bella (tutor) may take longer, but the phrase doesn't automatically mean
30. 1:46
    Bella (tutor) the result is better, harder or more original.
31. 1:50
    Bella (tutor) A designer making a game from scratch can still use scissors,
32. 1:54
    Bella (tutor) software and professional experience. The expression
33. 1:58
    Bella (tutor) doesn't mean working without help or tools. Similarly,
34. 2:02
    Bella (tutor) cooking from scratch doesn't require growing your own tomatoes.
35. 2:05
    Bella (tutor) What counts as the basic starting point depends on the activity.
36. 2:10
    Bella (tutor) Sometimes an earlier attempt fails. The design failed,
37. 2:14
    Bella (tutor) so we started from scratch. Here, we began again
38. 2:17
    Bella (tutor) without using that design as our base. But failure isn't
39. 2:21
    Bella (tutor) required. You can choose to build something from scratch on
40. 2:24
    Bella (tutor) your very first attempt.
41. 2:26
    Bella (tutor) A common mistake is adding an article: from a scratch.
42. 2:30
    Bella (tutor) In this expression, use from scratch, without
43. 2:34
    Bella (tutor) a or the. It fits everyday conversation and many
44. 2:38
    Bella (tutor) workplace situations. For a very formal document,
45. 2:42
    Bella (tutor) you might specify exactly what you mean, such as without
46. 2:45
    Bella (tutor) using an existing template.
47. 2:48
    Bella (tutor) Now listen to four short conversations, two British
48. 2:51
    Bella (tutor) and two American. Focus on what each person uses as
49. 2:55
    Bella (tutor) their starting point. Choose an answer before the explanation.
50. 2:59
    Bella (tutor) On the second listen, check the words that support your choice.
51. 3:03
    Bella (tutor) George arrives while Alice is preparing lunch. What
52. 3:07
    Bella (tutor) has she done herself?
53. 3:09
    George Shall I warm up those flatbreads?
54. 3:11
    George Yes, please. I made them from scratch
55. 3:14
    Alice with flour and yoghurt.
56. 3:16
    Alice That explains the flour on your sleeve!
57. 3:25
    Bella (tutor) Alice made the dough herself. Flour and yoghurt are her starting
58. 3:29
    Bella (tutor) ingredients, and she says she made the flatbreads from scratch.
59. 3:33
    George Shall I warm up those flatbreads?
60. 3:34
    George Yes, please. I made them from scratch
61. 3:38
    Alice with flour and yoghurt.
62. 3:39
    Alice That explains the flour on your sleeve!
63. 3:43
    Bella (tutor) Roger checks on a shared task. Listen for the reason
64. 3:47
    Bella (tutor) behind Jessica's schedule.
65. 3:50
    Roger Can you just update the old budget sheet?
66. 3:53
    Roger It doesn't fit this project. I'm building one from scratch,
67. 3:57
    Jessica so I need until Friday.
68. 3:58
    Jessica Okay, I'll plan around that.
69. 4:07
    Bella (tutor) She's creating a new sheet from scratch. Her reply rejects
70. 4:11
    Bella (tutor) Roger's suggestion of simply updating the old one.
71. 4:15
    Roger Can you just update the old budget sheet?
72. 4:18
    Roger It doesn't fit this project. I'm building one from scratch,
73. 4:22
    Jessica so I need until Friday.
74. 4:23
    Jessica Okay, I'll plan around that.
75. 4:27
    Bella (tutor) Alice and George discuss evening classes. Which course
76. 4:31
    Bella (tutor) level would suit George?
77. 4:33
    Alice Are you joining the intermediate Italian class?
78. 4:37
    Alice No, I'm learning from scratch. I don't even
79. 4:40
    George know the greetings yet.
80. 4:41
    George Then the Tuesday beginners' group sounds right.
81. 4:51
    Bella (tutor) A beginner's course would suit him. Learning from scratch is
82. 4:54
    Bella (tutor) supported by his admission that he doesn't even know the greetings.
83. 4:58
    Alice Are you joining the intermediate Italian class?
84. 5:02
    Alice No, I'm learning from scratch. I don't even
85. 5:05
    George know the greetings yet.
86. 5:06
    George Then the Tuesday beginners' group sounds right.
87. 5:11
    Bella (tutor) An invitation file has disappeared. Listen for
88. 5:14
    Bella (tutor) what Roger's next step involves.
89. 5:17
    Jessica Did you find a saved copy of the invitation?
90. 5:20
    Jessica No. I'll have to start from scratch tonight.
91. 5:24
    Roger I'll send you the photos again.
92. 5:32
    Bella (tutor) Roger must create it again. There's no saved copy,
93. 5:35
    Bella (tutor) so starting from scratch means rebuilding the invitation.
94. 5:39
    Jessica Did you find a saved copy of the invitation?
95. 5:42
    Jessica No. I'll have to start from scratch tonight.
96. 5:45
    Roger I'll send you the photos again.
97. 5:48
    Bella (tutor) Your turn. Say, I'd like to make a soup from scratch.
98. 5:52
    Bella (tutor) Now replace a soup with something you'd like to create. You
99. 5:56
    Bella (tutor) could also change make to build or design. Say your
100. 5:59
     Bella (tutor) complete sentence aloud.
101. 6:08
     Bella (tutor) Check three possible misunderstandings. From scratch
102. 6:11
     Bella (tutor) doesn't mean alone, and it doesn't require a failed attempt.
103. 6:15
     Bella (tutor) It also makes no promise about quality. A cake made
104. 6:19
     Bella (tutor) from scratch can still burn! The useful information is
105. 6:22
     Bella (tutor) how the work begins.
106. 6:24
     Bella (tutor) You can use it with colleagues when discussing how something
107. 6:27
     Bella (tutor) was created. Keep the expression fixed, without
108. 6:30
     Bella (tutor) the. And remember the difference from starting over: starting
109. 6:34
     Bella (tutor) over emphasises doing something again. From scratch
110. 6:38
     Bella (tutor) emphasises beginning with the basics, without an existing version
111. 6:42
     Bella (tutor) or prepared base.
112. 6:44
     Bella (tutor) Visit microenglish dot com, slash idioms,
113. 6:48
     Bella (tutor) slash from-scratch, for interactive dictation. Type
114. 6:52
     Bella (tutor) what you hear and check your answers. You can also ask the
115. 6:56
     Bella (tutor) AI tutor about your own examples. The first dictation is free;
116. 7:00
     Bella (tutor) further practice and tutor access depend on membership and
117. 7:03
     Bella (tutor) available credits.
118. 7:05
     Bella (tutor) In the comments, name something you'd like to make or learn
119. 7:08
     Bella (tutor) from scratch. Add what you'd begin with: ingredients,
120. 7:12
     Bella (tutor) materials or basic skills. For example, I'd
121. 7:16
     Bella (tutor) like to design a card game from scratch. Ask any questions
122. 7:19
     Bella (tutor) you still have, and thanks for joining me.

हर सवाल का उत्तर चुनें, फिर सही उत्तर खोलकर जाँचें।

1. सवाल 1

   Which situation is the best example of doing something from scratch?

   A Reheating a packaged meal in a microwave oven for three minutes B Baking bread by measuring your own flour, yeast, salt, and water C Adding fresh cheese to a frozen pizza before putting it in the oven
   मेरा जवाब जाँचें ट्यूटर से बात करें
2. सवाल 2

   Which sentence shows the correct word order when using an action verb with a direct object?

   A She created from scratch a lovely pottery vase. B She created from a scratch lovely pottery vase. C She created a lovely pottery vase from scratch.
   मेरा जवाब जाँचें ट्यूटर से बात करें
3. सवाल 3

   How does 'from scratch' function in ordinary workplace communication?

   A As a neutral, factual description of how a project or document was produced B As an aggressive complaint about unfair working conditions C As an exaggerated formal boast that guarantees a promotion
   मेरा जवाब जाँचें ट्यूटर से बात करें
4. सवाल 4

   Which pronunciation pattern is typical when native speakers say 'from scratch' in connected speech?

   A 'From' receives maximum stress while 'scratch' is whispered. B 'From' usually has a weak unstressed vowel, while 'scratch' carries primary stress. C Speakers always insert an extra vowel between 's' and 'k' in 'scratch'.
   मेरा जवाब जाँचें ट्यूटर से बात करें
5. सवाल 5

   In the dialogue between the two friends, what have the speakers decided to make themselves?

   A The pizza dough bases B The shopping bags C The grocery store shelves
   मेरा जवाब जाँचें ट्यूटर से बात करें
6. सवाल 6

   What is the difference between starting again and starting again from scratch?

   A Starting again costs more money than starting from scratch. B Starting again can reuse earlier parts, while starting from scratch discards all previous work. C Starting again requires special tools, but starting from scratch never uses tools.
   मेरा जवाब जाँचें ट्यूटर से बात करें